Overview of the Country of Algeria
Algeria is a republic with a semi-presidential system, comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Consequently, it is widely recognized as a regional power in North Africa and a middle power in global politics. In addition, Algeria has the highest Human Development Index among African countries and ranks among the continent’s largest economies, which are primarily driven by energy exports. Moreover, the country holds the sixteenth-largest oil reserves and the ninth-largest natural gas reserves in the world. Its national oil company, Sonatrach, is Africa’s largest company and, furthermore, a major supplier of natural gas to Europe. Besides that, Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and maintains the highest defense budget on the continent. Finally, as a member of organizations such as the African Union, Arab League, OIC, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union (which it helped found), Algeria actively participates in international affairs.
Situation & Geographical Information
Did you know that Algeria is the largest country in Africa and the tenth-largest country in the world? Located in North Africa, it covers 2,381,741 square kilometers (919,595 sq mi). Algeria shares borders with Tunisia to the northeast, Libya to the east, Niger to the southeast, Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara to the southwest, Morocco to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north.
The Maghreb region in North Africa includes Algeria, which lies between latitudes 19° and 37°N (with a small area north of 37°N and south of 19°N) and longitudes 9°W and 12°E. The coastal region is mostly hilly and sometimes mountainous, with a few natural harbors. The area from the coast to the Tell Atlas is fertile, while south of the Tell Atlas is a steppe landscape that ends with the Saharan Atlas. Farther south, you’ll find the Sahara Desert.
Population, Religion, Education & Cultures
Did you know that Algeria has a population of approximately 45,753,509 people and a population density of 17.7/km2? It is the tenth-most populous country in Africa and the 32nd-most populous country globally. Algeria is predominantly a Muslim country, but there are also Christian and Jewish minorities. About 99% of the Algerian population follows Sunni Islam. Education is mandatory for children aged six to 15. Currently, the literacy rate is at around 92.6%. Algeria has 26 universities and 67 institutions of higher education, which accommodate over a million Algerians and 80,000 foreign students as of 2008. The University of Algiers, founded in 1879, is the oldest and offers a wide range of academic disciplines.
Algeria’s literature is divided into Arabic, Tamazight, and French and has been heavily influenced by the country’s history. Algerian cuisine has a mix of cooking styles and dishes that come from traditional Arab, Amazigh, Turkish, and French cuisine. The traditional Algerian wardrobe consists of the burnous, dahabiya, kaftan, and djellaba. Berber jewelry made of silver, beads, and other materials was a significant component of Berber culture.
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