Crab Industry in Bangladesh

The crab industry in Bangladesh provides livelihoods for many families in the southern belt of the country. In FY 2017-18, Bangladesh produced 11,787 MT of crabs. Remarkably, 97% of this production was exported, generating an estimated $42.9 million in revenue. China serves as the primary export destination, receiving roughly 85% of the total export volume annually.

Export Dynamics: Live vs. Soft-Shell Crabs

At the international level, the industry competes between live crabs and soft-shell crabs. While live crabs are mainly exported within Asia due to logistical challenges, soft-shell crabs have broader markets. In fact, soft-shell crabs reach Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States in addition to Asia.

However, soft-shell farming requires collecting young crabs from the wild before reproduction. Consequently, this practice is causing severe population depletion. If major interventions are not taken, the industry may face serious decline in the coming years.

International Competition

Bangladesh competes with neighboring crab exporters such as Vietnam, India, and the Philippines. For example, Vietnam represents 0.4% of the $3.52 billion global crab export market and operates 250 crablet hatcheries nationwide to facilitate exports. India exported $17.1 million worth of crabs in 2017, with the United States as its main destination. The Philippines exported $60 million worth of crabs in the same year, primarily to South Korea. Interestingly, none of these neighboring countries export significant volumes to China, giving Bangladesh a strategic advantage.

Crab Industry Value Chain in Bangladesh

By tapping the right opportunities, Bangladesh can position crabs as a major export commodity. Moreover, sustainable farming practices and proper population management can ensure long-term growth.

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