Research Methodology
This study used integrated research methods to support Bhalo’s monitoring and communication missions. The team collected data from both primary and secondary sources. Researchers used face-to-face survey tools and on-site observation tools to gather primary data. The team verified the income-generating activities of farmers and Bhalo social enterprise outlets. Assessors checked and validated Bhalo project documents with end-level beneficiaries and with the Bhalo project office.
Quantitative Research Approach
Researchers collected primary data from farmers using the Face-to-Face (F2F) survey tool. They used the PAPI method for interviews and data collection. This approach ensured structured and reliable quantitative data.
On-site Observation
The team used an on-site observation tool to collect detailed information on Bhalo Social Enterprise’s activities and engagement with farmers and beneficiaries. Assessors observed and evaluated the enterprise’s business processes and value chain through direct field observation.
Group Discussions
The team conducted informal group discussions at the project’s regional office and field locations. These discussions involved project staff and beneficiaries. Participants discussed project rules, regulations, compliance, and business procedures. The groups jointly verified and confirmed the information shared during these sessions.
Document Review
The team reviewed Bhalo Social Enterprise project documents to ensure proper compliance and sound business practices that benefit farmers. Bhalo local office staff and end-level beneficiaries jointly checked and verified these documents. The team also reviewed documents from Bhalo outlets with outlet representatives and their customers.
Geographical Coverage
The Bhalo Social Enterprise project operates in Kurigram District, about 400 km northwest of Dhaka. The project covers two upazilas: Kurigram Sadar and Ulipur. The survey covered both upazilas as part of the project activities, as shown in the project area map.
Overview About Bhalo Social Enterprise
At this project, we are passionate about supporting local farmers. As members of Bhalo, farmers have access to invaluable farming assistance and agro advice. We prioritize the welfare of animals by providing veterinary care, and we also supply seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers to promote responsible farming practices. Furthermore, we offer micro-credit to farmers. Our organization has already made a positive impact by collaborating with over 2,000 farmers since the start of 2019.
The Bhalo project operates in two Upazilas of Kurigram District, with two separate teams. The project includes 12 agents referred to as “Bhaijan” (Brother) and six supervisors known as “Boro Bhaijan” (Elder Brother). Additionally, there are two hub managers and one operation manager working in the field. The monitoring and communication project also has an account officer, a marketing manager with purchasing responsibilities, and project management. The diagram below illustrates the structure of the Bhalo project.
Marketing Process of Bhalo Social Enterprise
Customer Service of Bhalo Enterprise
- Cattle Feed & Agro Products:
To become a member of the Bhalo project, farmers can register by buying products from the Bhalo agent, Bhaijan. The product price must be paid between the 25th of the previous month and the 24th of the next month. If any amount remains unpaid for the next month’s cycle, an additional 5% must be paid on the outstanding amount. Additionally, farmers can get 2% cashback on hand cash payments.
- Other Facilities: A fixed amount of financial facility is offered to a family member of Bhalo member on medical admission, surgery, or doctor consultation.
- Documentations: Both farmers and agents must keep purchase and sale documentation on file. Each document contains two parts: one for the agent and customer’s signature, and the other for the customer and agent’s signature. The agent’s copies are currently undergoing updates through the mobile application. Every transaction includes a payment voucher signed by both the agent and the customer.
- Micro Credit/Loan Service:
Shadhin Fintech Ltd. and Bhalo members have come together to launch a new pilot project aimed at conducting research on monitoring and communication during the pilot implementation. It’s fantastic to see collaborations like this that can drive innovation and development in the industry.
The project has a starting value of BDT 10,000.00 (BDT Ten Thousand Only). Which can be used for various purposes, such as purchasing cattle feed, and buying animals for husbandry. Conducting small businesses, and farming. The Bhalo project authority will oversee all aspects of the loan, including document verification and loan recovery. Profits from the Micro Credit/Loan Service will be shared by Bhalo with Shadhin.
Survey Outcomes on Beneficiaries of Bhalo Social Enterprise
- Survey Location Coverage
The implementation of the Bhalo project in Kurigram district involved sampling from Kurigram Sadar and Ulipur Upazila. A chart was used to represent the sample distribution output.
- Customer Types of Bhalo Social Enterprise Program:
This Social Enterprise program serves customers in the Kurigram district, with a chart showing primary customers making up 80% and secondary customers 20%.
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